This is a design circuit for gain amplifier. This circuit is using transistor to control the operation. This is the figure of the circuit.
The transistor is a current amplifying device and it will amplify the base current by at least 200 times. The diagram below will assist you to see this. The resistance between the collector and emitter leads of the NPN transistor reduces and a "turn-on" circuit is produced for the PNP transistor by the action of the NPN transistor, combined with the 1k resistor. These two components form a base-bias resistor for the PNP transistor and the base of the PNP is turned on. This causes the PNP transistor to turn on and current flows through its emitter-collector leads. The actual gain of the PNP transistor is about 50 - 100 and depends on the current through the load. In series with the emitter-collector leads of the PNP transistor is a LED and 22R resistor and the current that flows through this circuit causes the LED to illuminate.
The transistor is a current amplifying device and it will amplify the base current by at least 200 times. The diagram below will assist you to see this. The resistance between the collector and emitter leads of the NPN transistor reduces and a "turn-on" circuit is produced for the PNP transistor by the action of the NPN transistor, combined with the 1k resistor. These two components form a base-bias resistor for the PNP transistor and the base of the PNP is turned on. This causes the PNP transistor to turn on and current flows through its emitter-collector leads. The actual gain of the PNP transistor is about 50 - 100 and depends on the current through the load. In series with the emitter-collector leads of the PNP transistor is a LED and 22R resistor and the current that flows through this circuit causes the LED to illuminate.
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