This simple circuit has many uses, from lighting up rooms and walkways in the case of a power failure, to monitoring and security uses. This circuit is a very basic power failure lighting circuit based around a relay. Here’s the figure of the circuit;
There are many different power failure circuits out there based on 555 timers or transistors but they all have different problems including limited input voltage, price and complexity, and poor backup power. This unit has been designed to work with mains power all the way down to 5 volts, and power 3 LEDs to provide light for a hallway or a child's room in the event of power failure. The PCB includes many simple add-ons and modifications too. This circuit is connected to ac power through J1 then rectified to dc through D1-D4. D5 is a 12 volt zener diode being used along with the resistor R1 and the coil resistance of relay RL1 to regulate the input voltage to 12 volts and C1 is used to help smooth this power. Alternatively a dc voltage of 5 volts or more can be connected directly to J2 and J3, positive to J2 and negative to J3; in this setup the circuit would not need J1, D1-D5, and R1. The relay RL1 is a SPDT 5vDc relay and when power is applied to it, it opens the circuit with the LEDs so they are off as long as power is on if the power goes off, the relay closes the circuit and the battery BAT1 powers the LEDs D6, D7, and D8. In this circuit BAT1 is a 9 volt battery that powers the 3 LEDs through R3; however BAT1 can be many different batteries depending on your needs. J4 is also available in parallel with the LEDs to connect a buzzer or etc.
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